Denial-of-service attack
In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) or
distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack) is an attempt to make a
machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users.Although the
means to carry out, motives for, and targets of a DoS attack may vary, it
generally consists of efforts to temporarily or indefinitely interrupt or
suspend services of a host connected to the Internet.
Perpetrators of DoS attacks typically target sites or
services hosted on high-profile web servers such as banks, credit card payment
gateways, and even root nameservers. This technique has now seen extensive use
in certain games, used by server owners, or disgruntled competitors on games.
Increasingly, DoS attacks have also been used as a form of resistance. DoS they
say is a tool for registering dissent. Richard Stallman has
stated that DoS is a form of 'Internet Street Protests’
The term is generally used relating to computer networks,
but is not limited to this field; for example, it is also used in reference to
CPU resource management.
One common method of attack involves saturating the target
machine with external communications requests, so much so that it cannot
respond to legitimate traffic, or responds so slowly as to be rendered
essentially unavailable. Such attacks usually lead to a server overload. In general
terms, DoS attacks are implemented by either forcing the targeted computer(s)
to reset, or consuming its resources so
that it can no longer provide its intended service or obstructing the
communication media between the intended users and the victim so that they can
no longer communicate adequately.
Denial-of-service attacks are considered
violations of the Internet Architecture Board's Internet proper use policy, and
also violate the acceptable use policies of virtually all Internet service providers.
They also commonly constitute violations of the laws of individual nations.
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